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Saturday, August 22, 2009

ARTIFICIAL MICRORGANISMS



Craig Venter and his team of C.Venter Institute/Rockville/Maryland/US, extracted the total genome of Mycoplasma mycoides, modified it and transplanted it to the bacteria Mycoplasma capricolum, transforming it into a viable Mycoplasma mycoides. As it is known, Venter wants to build genomes of microorganisms able of being used industrially according to necessity (to eliminate petroleum spread in oceans, to produce biodiesel). The present work is a previous step toward the creation of a genome with own design: artificial microbes, to the measure.

Previous to transplant, Venter and his team disabled the enzymes of restriction of Micoplasma capricolum (that generates similar obstacles to that of macrotrasplants), so strange genes were recognized as own. Obviated this obstacle, now will be easy to transplant genes, genomes or microrganisms into strange genomes or bacterias. Combining techniques will be possible now to transplant artificial DNA to other microrganisms that certainly will be viable.

MICRORGANISMOS ARTIFICIALES

Craig Venter y su equipo del C. Venter Institute/Rockville/Maryland/US), extrajeron el genoma total de un Mycoplasma mycoides, lo modificaron y lo trasplantaron a la bacteria Mycoplasma capricolum, convirtiéndola en Mycoplasma mycoides, viable. Como se sabe, Venter desea construir genomas de microorganismos capaces de ser usados industrialmente según necesidad (eliminar petróleo esparcido en océanos, producir biodiesel). El presente trabajo es un paso previo hacia la creación de un genoma con diseño propio: microbios artificiales, a la medida.

Previo al trasplante Venter y su equipo inhabilitaron las enzimas de restricción de Micoplasma capricolum (que genera obstáculos similares al de los macrotrasplantes), de modo que los genes extraños fueron reconocidos como propios. Obviado este obstáculo, ahora será fácil trasplantar genes, genomas o microrganismos transformados en genomas o bacterias extrañas. Combinando técnicas será posible ahora trasplantar DNA artificial a otros microrganismos que desde luego serán viables.

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